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Diagnosis of prostate adenoma

Prostate adenoma – a benign urological disease that quite often affects men in older age. This disease is a change in the structure of the tissues does not occur, however, may develop serious complications of the disease, some of which can cause lethal outcome of the patient. Advanced stage of the adenoma can also lead to the death of the patient. He needs urgent medical care.

Characteristics of the disease

The exact causes that result in the development of the disease, has not been established. But it was acknowledged that the basic premise of the formation of BPH is age-related hormonal changes in the male body.

There are several degrees of benign prostatic hyperplasia.

  • adenoma predstatelnoj zhelezy 1 the degree of the adenoma may last for a long period of time. Over time adenoma of 1 degree will not necessarily go in the second degree. The disease may not manifest severe symptoms. The patient is experiencing more frequent urination, especially at night. While the urine is flowing weak flow. The patient may not even pay attention to the clinical picture of the disease, or think that the causes of such phenomena in any other disease.
  • 2 the degree of pathology is more serious than the first. The patient required medical assistance. It has been a retention of urine, difficult urination, accompanied by pain syndrome. A patient can not defecate. The stream of urine several weak and discontinuous.
  • 3 degree is the most serious. If the patient developed adenoma of the second degree, then sooner or later it will turn into a third. At this stage of the disease the patient may completely stop urination. He needs urgent help. Also he is showing signs of inflammation, persistent pain syndrome, fever and other symptoms of pathology.

Diagnostic pathology

In the presence of such symptoms the patient should urgently seek help from a doctor. Better of course, that diagnosis occurred at an early stage of the disease.

Diagnosis of benign prostatic hyperplasia begins with the examination of the patient. The attending doctor performs palpation, and then assigns the patient survey. For these purposes, conduct tests and apply such research methods as ultrasound, uroflowmetry, biopsy, cystoscopy, etc.

Laboratory tests

analizy krovi i mochiThe patient is administered tests in prostate cancer, which include blood and urine tests. These analyses help to identify the inflammatory process in the body of the patient. But the most important analysis in the diagnosis of adenoma is to study the level of PSA (prostate specific antigen), a protein secreted by the prostate gland. This protein is needed to liquefy semen after ejaculation.

PSA in prostate cancer helps to detect not only BPH but also prostate and also prostate cancer. Because all men after age 50 is recommended by this analysis. In the presence of these pathologies figure increased.

There are other condition in which the DOG can be elevated because reliable determination of protein level analysis should be carried out 48 hours after ejaculation, not earlier than 3 days after massage of the prostate and 7 days after transrectal ultrasound. Also, after prostate surgery (TUR) and after a biopsy, the PSA level is elevated even 6 weeks.

To learn how to reduce PSA in prostate adenoma, the patient should consult a doctor. The normalization condition possibleafter hormonal treatment, which will prescribe the doctor.

Ultrasound examination

Ultrasound of the prostate is the basic method of examination of the patient for the presence of prostate adenoma. Before conducting an ultrasound of the prostate preparation of the patient consists of filling the bladder. After seeing the patient, he is sent to empty the bladder and then re-performed ultrasound, revealing the remains unselected urine. Additionally, by ultrasound, the doctor determines the state of the bladder, kidney, the presence of stones in the patient.

Ultrasound of prostate adenoma can be performed in the normal mode or through the rectum (transrectal). Transrectal ultrasound is usually performed in cases where a simple ultrasound has not given comprehensive information.

Other methods of examination

Diagnosis of BPH may include additional methods of examination, although ultrasound usually enables diagnosis.

Cystoscopy is performed in the diagnosis of an adenoma to determine the degree of narrowing of the urethra. While endoscopic method of the study, patients in the urethra introduce an elastic catheter with a camera and a backlight.

Uroflowmetry allows you to explore the rate of urination of the patient. Believe normal urine flow rate of 15 ml/s. the Survey is performed using uroflowmetry.

Contrast excretory urography allows to assess the condition of the kidneys, which may vary in case of BPH. The essence of the method lies in the x-ray study using contrast medium, which allows to improve the quality of the survey.

Also may be further performed the biopsy of the prostate tissue. This survey allows you to exclude a malignant nature of prostate adenoma. Prostate cancer is a frequent phenomenon and in 10% of cases of incidence of fatal.

After diagnosis the patient is assigned to treatment, which is often carried out in the form of surgical intervention. The prostate is carried out in several ways.