Infiltrating ductal carcinoma of the breast and its characteristics
Infiltrating ductal carcinoma of the breast is a malignant tumor of the breast that develops from cells of the tissues of the ducts of the mammary glands of women. Most often the disease occurs in women of Mature age, especially over 50.
Reasons
Reliably determine the reasons for the development of neoplasms of the mammary glands is not known but factors that are the instigators of the development of infiltrating carcinoma in women:
never advancing pregnancy or pregnancy after the age of 30-35;- obesity, hypertension, diabetes mellitus;
- early menstruation or late menopause in women;
- breast cancer in close relatives of women;
- hormone therapy or hormonal contraception for a long time;
- migrated cancer;
- the radiation exposure;
- mastopathy or fibroadenoma which can become malignant;
- harmful and unfavorable production environment;
- diseases of the endocrine system.
Types of breast cancer
Cancer is a group of malignant tumors. Depending on the many signs there are several types of cancer (size, location, growth characteristics of education, presence of metastases, etc.). Depending on these parameters, the choice of treatment tactics and also depends on the prognosis of the disease.
Infiltrating carcinoma is divided into two types:
intraductal;- lobular.
There is also the classification for which the carcinomas are divided into:
- carcinoma, developed from fibroadenoma;
- squamous;
- papillary;
- lattice;
- medullary;
- lobular;
- mucosa;
- Paget's disease.
To ductal or lobular cancer is necessary to estimate the aggressiveness of the growth of education. Most carcinomas of the breast (about 80%) is characterized by growth into the surrounding tissue.
Grade
Dependent on the severity of the disease, there are 3 degrees of malignancy of carcinoma of the breast:
- 1 degree – 3-5 points;
- Stage 2 – 6-7 points;
- Grade 3 – 8-9.
The calculation of points takes place on the grounds of education, tubule, mitosis, nuclei hyperchromatism.
Prognosis five-year survival rate of patients with 1 degree of malignancy carcinoma of the breast is 75-81%. Infiltrating carcinoma of the breast 2 degrees is characterized by a 54% survival rate, while 3-grade carcinoma could be only 34%.
Symptoms of breast cancer
Quite a long time, no signs of breast carcinoma are not observed.
In the later stages of the disease there are symptoms of tumor. Patients get tired quickly, they are pursued by General fatigue. The appearance of seals in one breast or both at the same time.
Thus from the nipples can happen the selection, which does not involve pregnant women. The size of the breast may change the breast under the influence of the disease may be deformed. For example, the nipple can get sucked in the region of the areola can appear sores. The structure and color of the breast skin may also change, and the lymph nodes located in the armpit and collarbone can become more.
Diagnosis
Many women find a lump in her breast or detection occurs accidentally during examination or ultrasound study of the breast using mammography. If the disease was detected early, the prognosis is quite favorable.
If you suspect a malignancy in the breast a doctor prescribes conductultrasound and screening mammography. With their help it is possible to diagnose the disease at early stages. In the diagnosis of great importance histological examination, the results of which put the final diagnosis. To search for metastases recommend imaging.
Treatment
The treatment of infiltrating carcinoma of the breast is assigned only by a physician and performed under his strict control.
The choice of treatment depends on many different factors, is selected by the doctor individually.
Treatment may be surgical. Surgery is of several types. It is a lumpectomy (partial removal of the tumor), mastectomy (removal of breast and adjacent tissues) and chromemate (delete by using freezing).
In addition, as the treatment are radiation therapy and chemotherapy. As the comprehensive treatment may be applied modern methods of treatment of disease – targeted therapy and immunotherapy.