What is osteoma of the mandible?

A tumor of the jaw is a complex disease that requires complex treatment under the guidance of several specialists. The patient requires consultation with a dentist, a surgeon, a neurosurgeon, and if necessary, an ophthalmologist and an otolaryngologist. It all depends on the course of the disease. Tumors can be worn both benign and malignant. Osteoma of the mandible is a benign tumor. It consists of the bone and develops slowly.

Feature

Osteoma is a benign tumor, composed of Mature bone tissue. Education it is similar to the growth of normal bones. Refer to neoantigens osteoma benign tumors of the jaws.

Osteoma of the mandible may grow inside the bone or be characterized by exophytic (surface) growth. A tumor of this kind is able to spread to the maxillary sinus, orbit, nasal cavity, if it is located in the upper jaw. Mandibular tumor is the cause of facial asymmetry and loss of mobility of the jaw.

The types of pathology

The osteoma is of several types, which vary somewhat among themselves. These include:

• tubular osteoma is education, which usually has a spherical shape regular shape; wherein the structural pattern of the tumor continues the structure of the jaw;
• compact osteoma is a tumor that has a wide base or wide leg;
• endosteal osteoma is a tumor, the boundaries of which become clearly defined, standing out against the healthy tissues of the jaw.

The clinical picture

Osteoma of the mandible is characterized by considerable pain and disruption of normal mobility of the jaw. Pain associated with compression of the nerve (neuralgic pain). Thus there is asymmetry of the face, deformation of the jaw. Develops disruption of the normal bite. This happens especially often when the tumor was located on the coronal process of the mandible. It also gradually develops of mouth opening limitation.

Diagnosis

The mandibular tumor localization should be examined by specialists. In addition to inspection and palpation of the patient required for various tests. With this purpose used x-ray examination (radiography and CT scan of the jaw and adjacent tissues). In addition, can be applied scintigraphy and thermography.

Often requires examination and consultation by other specialists (otolaryngologists, for example). When a patient is performed a rhinoscopy, varioscope, hamartoma and other studies. Additionally, you may also need a biopsy to exclude malignancy education.

Treatment

Treatment of tumor of the lower jaw is performed surgically. Most often, resection of the osteoma, which should be combined with plastic surgery. Plastic surgery can be of several types: heterotransplantation, homotransplantation, autologous or alloplastic. Tissue removed must be filled with something (best to it was a patient's own tissue). Rehabilitation after surgery is quite lengthy.