Osteoma of the frontal sinus: definition of the disease and methods of treatment

To the formation of various tumors lead violations at the cellular level. Education may be malignant or benign. For benign tumors characterized by slow growth, while tumors of this type do not lead to disturbances in various organs and systems of the human body.

In this article we will talk about this benign education as an osteoma of the frontal sinus.

What is it?

The osteomas is referred to as one of the types of benign tumors consisting of dense substances of bone origin. The diameter of the education can reach 15 mm in 80% of cases occur in the frontal sinuses. Rarely, the affected paranasal osteoma, ethmoid and sphenoid sinus.

In most cases, the presence of osteomas are detected in children from 5 years and adolescents. It is noteworthy that males more prone to the formation of osteomas than women.

For what reasons is formed osteoma?

The doctors there is no consensus about what caused the appearance of osteomas. The tumor is formed due to cell growth in the bone tissue, and can identify the main factors causing this process. Tissue growth occurs for the following reasons:

• inflammatory processes resulting in the formation of suppuration;
• chronic infection fungal, viral and bacterial origin;
• injuries of the paranasal sinuses;
• the processes of embryonic growth in the cells of the connective tissue, with subsequent transformation of them into a bone tissue;
• low immunity;
• heredity.

In the presence of hereditary predisposition, the probability of occurrence of the osteoma is up to 50%.

What are they?

There are several varieties of osteomas, and it is from the kind of education that depend on symptoms. Osteomas are:

• spongy education, which have a porous structure in cross-section similar to a sponge;
• solid tumor consisting of plates of high density;
• mozgomedia osteoma consisting of a cavity that contains the medulla.

The type of osteoma, rate of development and size depend on the symptoms. For example, an osteoma of the right frontal sinus (same as left), develops very slowly and for a long time does not manifest itself.

As manifested osteoma and how is it diagnosed?

To diagnose education of this kind is possible by means of x-ray and computed tomography.

Most often when osteoma, there are no symptoms, and its presence is detected during examinations for other diseases with x-rays.

But it so happens that education becomes a hindrance to the outflow of mucus from the frontal sinus to the nose, which contributes to the development of sinusitis and become painful.

Another option is the spread of the tumor from the frontal sinus to one of the sockets that threatens pain and blurred vision.

Danger is a situation when the osteoma extends into the inner part of the skull that can lead to meningitis and other dangerous complications associated with inflammatory processes in the brain and its membranes.

Treatments

To treat osteoma is possible only surgically. Removal of the osteoma of the frontal sinus it is necessary to produce with the rapid expansion of education with the deterioration of the patient.

Surgery is performed under General anesthesia, and its essence is to remove not only the tumor but also the fragment of bone on which it was located.

The most severe cases require trepanation of the cranial bones, which is removed together with the formation of not only bone, but also damagedtumor blood vessels.

In cases where the presence of the osteoma does not cause the patient any discomfort, and education is one stage, not expanding, need surgery no. Enough monitoring by a specialist.

Possible consequences

In most cases, the osteoma was successfully removed and after surgery the patient feels no discomfort. But sometimes after removal of the tumor and possible complications, namely:

• re-development of education;
• the appearance of festering sores in place of the removed tumor;
• damage in the small blood vessels, nerves and tendons, which were located in the vicinity of the osteoma;
• the emergence of local headaches at the source.

If you encounter these symptoms it is necessary the supervision of specialists and appropriate treatment.