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Cervical cancer stage 2

Cervical cancer is the second most common on the planet cancer among the female population. However, its features are quite good results of treatment: after the first two stages (zero and first) at least 80% of patients have the potential for further full life (the so-called five-year survival). In the second stage, this percentage drops to 75.

This difference in results due to differences in the extent of the cancer process. Cervical cancer 1 degree beyond the cervix, a very small tumor and penetrates the epithelium of only a few millimeters. Cervical cancer is the 2nd degree is characterized by the release of tumor beyond the cervix but not yet reaches the walls of the pelvis. At this stage, are already evident the main symptoms indicating cancer pathology.

What symptoms need attention:

  • Spotting between periods,
  • Discharge with blood in menopause,
  • Contact bleeding
  • Pain in the pelvic area,
  • Change in menstrual cycle
  • Lethargy, weight loss, fatigue.

The bleeding is due to the fact that the tumor as the penetration of the epithelium damages the blood vessels. Cancer can spread in various directions: to the side of the vagina up to the uterus or around the uterus damaging the surrounding tissue.

Cervical cancer stage 2 in strength caused destruction in the body leads to disorders of the reproductive system of women. Output of the tumor beyond the cervix increases the risk of developing metastases. Metastasis occurs in all possible ways.

Diagnosis of cervical cancer

With regular inspections at the gynecologist (at least once a year) problems with diagnosis, as a rule, does not arise. During the examination, a swab taken from the cervix and sent for cytological examination. The most objective results are obtained if this procedure happens in the middle of the menstrual period. The detection of the changed skin cells are assigned further investigation: colposcopy, biopsy.

Methods of treatment

Cervical cancer stage 2 is treated with a combined method, which includes the classic three: surgical treatment, chemotherapy, radiotherapy. Preference is given to radiation therapy and surgical treatment, as cervical cancer is in many cases poorly sensitive to the effects of drugs. In General, treatment starts with surgery.

Surgery:

      1. Cervical conization. Is removal of the tumor by the method of electroexcision, cryotherapy, laser or electrocoagulation. These methods have a minimal traumatic effect help to maintain physiological functions, including childbearing.
      2. Amputation of the cervix. This method is used in the presence of deformations of the cervix.
      3. Hysterectomy, that is removal. Such a serious step doctors go for several reasons:
    • Age more than 50 years,
    • Inefficient providers,
    • The inability to carry out a cone biopsy,
    • The combination of cervical cancer with other tumors in the pelvic organs.
      4. Surgery to remove not only the cervix and uterus, but also the appendages.

are multiple distant metastases. Five-year survival in the treatment for stage 4 10%.